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Arawakan (''Arahuacan, Maipuran Arawakan, "mainstream" Arawakan, Arawakan proper''), also known as Maipurean (also ''Maipuran, Maipureano, Maipúre''), is a language family that developed among ancient indigenous peoples in South America. Branches migrated to Central America and the Greater Antilles in the Caribbean and the Atlantic, including what is now called the Bahamas. Only present-day Ecuador, Uruguay and Chile did not have peoples who spoke Arawakan languages. Maipurean may be related to other language families in a hypothetical Macro-Arawakan stock. The name ''Maipure'' was given to the family by Filippo S. Gilij in 1782, after the Maipure language of Venezuela, which he used as a basis of his comparisons. It was renamed after the culturally more important Arawak language a century later. The term ''Arawak'' took over, until its use was extended by North American scholars to the broader Macro-Arawakan proposal. At that time, the name ''Maipurean'' was resurrected for the core family. See Arawakan ''vs'' Maipurean for details. ==Languages== The classification of Maipurean is difficult due to the large number of Arawakan languages that are extinct and poorly documented. However, apart from transparent relationships that might constitute single languages, several groups of Maipurean languages are generally accepted by scholars. Many classifications agree in dividing Maipurean into northern and southern branches, though perhaps not all languages fit into one or the other. The three classifications below all accept: *Ta-Maipurean = Caribbean Arawak / Ta-Arawak = Caribbean Maipuran, *Upper Amazon Maipurean = North Amazonian Arawak = Inland Maipuran, *Central Maipurean = Pareci–Xingu = Paresí–Waurá = Central Maipuran, *Piro = Purus, *Campa = Pre-Andean Maipurean = Pre-Andine Maipuran. An early contrast between ''Ta-Arawak'' and ''Nu-Arawak'', depending on the prefix for "I", is spurious; ''nu-'' is the ancestral form for the entire family, whereas ''ta-'' is an innovation of one branch of the family. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Arawakan languages」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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